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1.
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ; : 69-69, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-888604

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND@#Ambient temperature may contribute to seasonality of mortality; in particular, a warming climate is likely to influence the seasonality of mortality. However, few studies have investigated seasonality of mortality under a warming climate.@*METHODS@#Daily mean temperature, daily counts for all-cause, circulatory, and respiratory mortality, and annual data on prefecture-specific characteristics were collected for 47 prefectures in Japan between 1972 and 2015. A quasi-Poisson regression model was used to assess the seasonal variation of mortality with a focus on its amplitude, which was quantified as the ratio of mortality estimates between the peak and trough days (peak-to-trough ratio (PTR)). We quantified the contribution of temperature to seasonality by comparing PTR before and after temperature adjustment. Associations between annual mean temperature and annual estimates of the temperature-unadjusted PTR were examined using multilevel multivariate meta-regression models controlling for prefecture-specific characteristics.@*RESULTS@#The temperature-unadjusted PTRs for all-cause, circulatory, and respiratory mortality were 1.28 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27-1.30), 1.53 (95% CI: 1.50-1.55), and 1.46 (95% CI: 1.44-1.48), respectively; adjusting for temperature reduced these PTRs to 1.08 (95% CI: 1.08-1.10), 1.10 (95% CI: 1.08-1.11), and 1.35 (95% CI: 1.32-1.39), respectively. During the period of rising temperature (1.3 °C on average), decreases in the temperature-unadjusted PTRs were observed for all mortality causes except circulatory mortality. For each 1 °C increase in annual mean temperature, the temperature-unadjusted PTR for all-cause, circulatory, and respiratory mortality decreased by 0.98% (95% CI: 0.54-1.42), 1.39% (95% CI: 0.82-1.97), and 0.13% (95% CI: - 1.24 to 1.48), respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Seasonality of mortality is driven partly by temperature, and its amplitude may be decreasing under a warming climate.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality , Cause of Death , Climate Change/mortality , Cold Temperature/adverse effects , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Japan/epidemiology , Mortality/trends , Regression Analysis , Respiratory Tract Diseases/mortality , Seasons , Time
2.
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ; : 55-55, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-880371

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND@#An acute upper respiratory tract infection (URI) is the most common disease worldwide, irrespective of age or sex. This study aimed to evaluate the short-term effect of diurnal temperature range (DTR) on emergency room (ER) visits for URI in Seoul, Korea, between 2009 and 2013.@*METHODS@#Daily ER visits for URI were selected from the National Emergency Department Information System, which is a nationwide daily reporting system for ER visits in Korea. URI cases were defined according to International Classification of Diseases, 10@*RESULTS@#There were 529,527 ER visits for URI during the study period, with a daily mean of 290 visits (range, 74-1942 visits). The mean daily DTR was 8.05 °C (range, 1.1-17.6 °C). The cumulative day (lag 02) effect of DTR above 6.57 °C per 1 °C increment was associated with a 1.42% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04-2.82) increase in total URI. Children (≤ 5 years of age) were affected by DTR above 6.57 °C per 1 °C, with 1.45% (95% CI 0.32-2.60) at lag 02, adults (19-64 years) with 2.77% (95% CI 0.39-5.20) at lag 07. When the DTR (lag02) was 6.57 °C to 11.03 °C, the relative risk was significant at 6.01% (95% CI 2.45-9.69) for every 1 °C increase in youth subjects aged for 6 to 18 years.@*CONCLUSIONS@#DTR was associated with a higher risk for ER visits for URI. In addition, the results suggested that the lag effects and relative risks of DTR on URI were quite different according to age.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Acute Disease/epidemiology , Cold Temperature/adverse effects , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Republic of Korea/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/etiology
3.
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences ; (12): 395-399, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-878376

ABSTRACT

Climate change has been referred to as one of the greatest threats to human health, with reports citing likely increases in extreme meteorological events. In this study, we estimated the relationships between temperature and outpatients at a major hospital in Qingdao, China, during 2015-2017, and assessed the morbidity burden. The results showed that both low and high temperatures were associated with an increased risk of outpatient visits. High temperatures were responsible for more morbidity than low temperatures, with an attributed fraction (AF) of 16.86%. Most temperature-related burdens were attributed to moderate cold and hot temperatures, with AFs of 5.99% and 14.44%, respectively, with the young (0-17) and male showing greater susceptibility. The results suggest that governments should implement intervention measures to reduce the adverse effects of non-optimal temperatures on public health-especially in vulnerable groups.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Ambulatory Care/statistics & numerical data , Cardiovascular Diseases/therapy , China/epidemiology , Cold Temperature/adverse effects , Cost of Illness , Digestive System Diseases/therapy , Facilities and Services Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Poisson Distribution , Respiratory Tract Diseases/therapy , Risk Factors
5.
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ; : 63-63, 2020.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-880299

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND@#Need to a simple, available, accurate, comprehensive, and valid indicator is felt to assess thermal effects. Therefore, the present study was aimed to develop and validate the environmental heat strain risk assessment (EHSRA) index using structural equation modeling (SEM) based on empirical relations.@*METHODS@#This cross-sectional study was performed on 201 male workers in environments with various climatic conditions. The heart rate and tympanic temperature of the individuals were monitored at times of 30, 60, and 90 min after beginning the work. At these times, values of dry temperature, wet temperature, globe temperature, and air velocity were also measured and metabolism rate and clothing thermal insulation value were estimated. At the end, a theoretical model was depicted in AMOS software and obtained coefficients were applied to develop a novel index. The scores of this indicator were categorized into four risk levels via ROC curves and validate using linear regression analysis.@*RESULTS@#Indirect effect coefficients of the globe temperature, dry temperature, wet temperature, air velocity, metabolism, and clothing thermal insulation variables on the tympanic temperature were computed by 0.77, 0.75, 0.69, 0.24, 0.49, and 0.39, respectively. These coefficients were applied to develop the index. Optimal cut-off points of boundaries between risk levels included 12.02, 15.88, and 17.56. The results showed that the EHSRA index justified 75% of the variations of the tympanic temperature (R@*CONCLUSIONS@#The novel index possesses appropriate validity. It was suggested that this indicator is applied and validated in various environments in the next studies.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Environmental Health/methods , Heat-Shock Response , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Iran , Latent Class Analysis , Risk Assessment/methods
6.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 147(7): 928-931, jul. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058623

ABSTRACT

Lhermitte phenomenon is a neurological symptom described as a sensation of electric shock that radiates from the back towards the extremities, which appears when a patient flexes the neck. A transient myelopathy as a late complication of radiotherapy is associated with this symptom. It appears two to four months after treatment and disappears spontaneously. We report a 45 years old female with a neck malignant melanoma treated with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. She experienced the Lhermitte phenomenon that was triggered by heat. This phenomenon must be differentiated from the Uhthoff phenomenon.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pain/etiology , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Radiotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effects , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Melanoma/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Skin Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Melanoma/surgery , Melanoma/radiotherapy
7.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 642-646, abr.-maio 2019. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482013

ABSTRACT

Dimorphandra gardneriana Tulasne é conhecida como fava d’anta, é uma árvore brasileira, naturalmente do Cerrado e Caatinga, têm uma importância ecológica e funcional, seus frutos são ricos em flavonoides (rutina, quercetina, isoquercitrina). O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a estabilidade térmica da fava d’anta e da rutina purifica através da termogravimetria. As amostras foram analisadas no Termogravimétrico Shimadzu, TGA-51, no Laboratório de Materiais do IFPI, onde foram acondicionadas em porta-amostras de platina, com atmosfera de nitrogênio e com fluxo de 50 mL/min. A temperatura foi elevada a 600°C, com taxa de aquecimento de 2 °C/min. Obteve-se sucesso com a purificação da fava d’anta, pois a rutina obtida teve maior uniformidade nos eventos térmicos e maior estabilidade térmica em relação a fava.


Subject(s)
Fabaceae/chemistry , Heat-Shock Response/physiology , Rutin/isolation & purification , Thermotolerance/physiology , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Thermogravimetry
8.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 1472-1476, abr.-maio 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482185

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a influência da concentração da maltodextrina e da temperatura de entrada de secagem sob as características físico-químicas de polpa de acerola em pó. As acerolas maduras foram selecionadas, lavadas, sanitizadas, enxaguadas e despolpada. As polpas foram divididas em quatro tratamentos, utilizando-se duas concentrações de maltodextrina (14 e 26%) que foram atomizadas em spray dryer em duas temperaturas (128 e 152°C). A polpa em pó e in natura foram analisadas quanto a umidade, SST, ATT, pH e carotenoides. De acordo com os resultados obtidos foi possível verificar que os teores de umidade foram influenciados pela temperatura e concentração de maltodextrina. A acidez da polpa em pó diminui com o aumento da do agente carreador. O teor de carotenoides não apresentou diferença significativa entre os tratamentos estudados. Para o processo de atomização da acerola por spray dryer indica-se o uso de maltodextrina a 26% independente da temperatura.


Subject(s)
Dextrins/adverse effects , Chemical Phenomena , Malpighiaceae/physiology , Malpighiaceae/chemistry , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Food Preservation
9.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 1477-1481, abr.-maio 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482186

ABSTRACT

A pitomba é uma fruta nativa da região amazônica e amplamente aceita no Brasil, porém somente a polpa é consumida, havendo o desperdício das cascas. A secagem é uma alternativa viável para o aproveitamento das cascas. Objetivou-se a determinação da composição centesimal da casca da pitomba e avaliação dos efeitos da temperatura (50°C, 60°C e 70°C) do processo de secagem em estufa com circulação de ar sobre esses parâmetros. As farinhas produzidas foram analisadas com relação ao teor de umidade, sólidos totais, cinzas, carboidratos, proteínas e lipídeos. O aumento da temperatura aplicada resultou em valores superiores para o teor de sólidos totais, cinzas e de lipídeos e valores inferiores para o teor de umidade e de proteínas. O elevado teor de carboidrato totais indica que a farinha da casca da pitomba é um pó com alto teor fibras.


Subject(s)
Food Composition , Food Preservation , Sapindaceae/chemistry , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Whole Utilization of Foods
10.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 1482-1486, abr.-maio 2019. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482187

ABSTRACT

Os resíduos do processamento de frutas, como o melão, têm se tornado um problema para as agroindústrias, pois são gerados em grandes quantidades e podem provocar danos ao meio ambiente quando descartados inadequadamente. Diante disto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a influência da torrefação no rendimento de óleo das sementes de melão obtido por extração assistida por ultrassom. Para tanto, as sementes foram caracterizadas físico-quimicamente, e o rendimento de óleo foi estudado em relação à temperatura e o tempo de torrefação, utilizando um fatorial 22 com blocos casualizados. Os resultados mostraram que a temperatura e o tempo de torrefação influenciaram no rendimento do óleo de sementes de melão, sendo que os maiores rendimentos de óleo foram obtidos nas condições de 89 ºC por 53 minutos e de 131 ºC por 17 minutos.


Subject(s)
Food Composition , Cucumis melo , Seeds/chemistry , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Oils , Food Preservation , Chemical Phenomena , Ultrasonography
11.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 2240-2244, abr.-maio 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482307

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita de batatas, submetidas ao tratamento hidrotérmico. Tubérculos de batatas foram submetidos a água nas temperaturas de 50 e 60ºC, por 1, 6, 11 e 21 minutos, e avaliados quanto ao coração preto, brotação, esverdeamento, mancha preta e exsudação aos 1, 5, 10, 15 e 20 dias de armazenamento. Os dados foram analisados por meio do teste Dunnett (5%). Não houve presença de coração preto e esverdeamento. A incidência de brotação foi menor nos tratamentos de 50°C por 21 minutos e 60°C por 6 minutos. No 1° dia de armazenamento, os tratamentos de 50°C por 21 minutos, 60°C por 12 e 21 minutos e 70°C por 1, 6, 12 e 21 minutos desencadearam a presença de mancha preta. Os tratamentos de 50°C, por 1, 6 e 11 minutos e 60°C, por 1 e 6 minutos proporcionaram maior vida pós-colheita dos tubérculos.


Subject(s)
Immersion/adverse effects , Solanum tuberosum/anatomy & histology , Solanum tuberosum/physiology , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Food Quality
12.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 1883-1886, abr.-maio 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482425

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus aureus é uma bactéria patogênica, associada à toxinose alimentar e pela sua capacidade em se tornar resistente a grande número de antimicrobianos. Alternativa para seu controle é a utilização de cinalmadeído, componente majoritário do óleo essencial de canela. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a inativação S. aureus por cinamaldeído em duas temperaturas. S. aureus foi incubado em caldo triptona de soja adicionado de 0,5% de Tween 80 (v/v) e 0,25% (v/v) de cinamaldeído nas temperaturas de 37 °C e 7 °C por 5, 10, 20, 30 e 35 minutos. Não foi observada ação bactericida do cinamaldeído na temperatura de 7°C, entretanto, a 37°C, após 35 minutos de contato não foram detectadas células viáveis. Dessa forma, destaca-se a importância da temperatura para a ação antimicrobiana do cinamaldeído.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Cinnamomum zeylanicum , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Oils, Volatile , Microbial Sensitivity Tests
13.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 33(3): e00211415, 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-839676

ABSTRACT

Resumo: O calor ambiental é um agravante às atividades dos trabalhadores da cultura de cana-de-açúcar, sendo o corte manual uma das atividades pesadas que favorece a elevada geração de calor metabólico. Isso associado com outras condições precárias de trabalho favorece o estresse térmico, podendo provocar graves doenças ou até levar à morte. O objetivo deste estudo é quantificar o risco de sobrecarga térmica que os cortadores de cana-de-açúcar de São Paulo, Brasil, são expostos. Por meio de metodologia específica, foram utilizados quatro anos de dados para estimar o Índice de Bulbo Úmido - Termômetro de Globo sob a consideração das atividades leve, moderada e pesada. Os resultados mostram extrapolação do limite legal de exposição para atividade contínua em períodos de 1 a 8 horas, o que requer medidas de controle para continuidade do trabalho. A principal constatação é a observância do risco de sobrecarga térmica para os três tipos de atividade: leve, moderada e pesada. Os limites de tolerância são ultrapassados durante todo o turno de trabalho em cerca de 7% dos dias, para atividade pesada, e em cerca de 3%, para atividade moderada. Além disso, percebeu-se que as áreas com maior risco de sobrecarga térmica são as mesmas onde há predominância da cultura de cana-de-açúcar.


Abstract: Environmental heat is an aggravating factor for sugarcane workers, and manual cane cutting is one of the heavy work activities that favor the generation of metabolic heat. This can combine with other precarious working conditions to produce heatstroke, potentially leading to serious complications and even death. The study aimed to quantify the risk of overheating in sugarcane cutters in São Paulo, Brazil. Drawing on a specific methodology, the study used four years of data to estimate the Globe Thermometer Wet Bulb Index based on light, moderate, and heavy activities. The results showed that the legal limit was exceeded for continuous activity in periods from 1 to 8 hours, which requires control measures in order to continue working. The principal observation was the risk of heatstroke in the three types of activity: light, moderate, and heavy. The limits were exceeded throughout the work shift on 7% of the days for heavy activity and on 3% of the days for moderate activity. In addition, the areas with the highest risk of heatstroke coincide with predominant cane-growing.


Resumen: El calor ambiental es un agravante para las actividades de los trabajadores de plantaciones de caña de azúcar, siendo el corte manual una de las actividades pesadas que favorece la elevada generación de calor metabólico. Esto, asociado con otras condiciones precarias de trabajo, favorece el estrés térmico, pudiendo provocar graves enfermedades o incluso llevar a la muerte. El objetivo de este estudio es cuantificar el riesgo de sobrecarga térmica a la que los cortadores de caña de azúcar de São Paulo, Brasil, están expuestos. Mediante una metodología específica, se utilizaron cuatro años de datos para estimar el Índice de Bulbo Húmedo-Termómetro de Globo, considerando a las actividades como: leves, moderadas y pesadas. Los resultados muestran la extrapolación del límite legal de exposición para la actividad continua en períodos de 1 a 8 horas, lo que requiere medidas de control para la continuidad del trabajo. La principal constatación es la observancia del riesgo de sobrecarga térmica para los tres tipos de actividad: leve, moderada y pesada. Los límites de tolerancia se sobrepasan durante todo el turno de trabajo en cerca de un 7% dos días, en el caso de la actividad pesada, y en cerca de un 3% en la actividad moderada. Además, se percibió que las áreas con mayor riesgo de sobrecarga térmica son las mismas donde hay predominancia de plantaciones de caña de azúcar.


Subject(s)
Humans , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Occupational Exposure/statistics & numerical data , Heat Stress Disorders/etiology , Saccharum , Agricultural Workers' Diseases/etiology , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Rural Population , Brazil , Spatial Analysis
14.
An. bras. dermatol ; 91(5,supl.1): 79-80, Sept.-Oct. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-837953

ABSTRACT

Abstract Erythema ab igne is a condition characterized by skin changes due to chronic exposure to moderate temperature. We describe a female patient with continuous use of a laptop computer on exposed legs for 6 months and consequent development of reticulated hyperpigmentation at the area. Histopathological examination revealed epidermal atrophy, collagen fragmentation, and vacuolar changes in the basal layer, among other signs. We consider this case to be a modern cause of erythema ab igne.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Microcomputers , Hyperpigmentation/etiology , Hyperpigmentation/pathology , Erythema/etiology , Erythema/pathology , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Epidermis/pathology
15.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(1): 36-43, Jan. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-771853

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine the effectiveness of low-intensity therapeutic ultrasound (LITUS) on wound healing in rats with third-degree burns. METHODS: Twenty rats were divided into the Control Group that comprised four rats without third-degree burns that did not undergo LITUS, the Burned Group (BG), comprising eight rats with third-degree burns that did not undergo LITUS, and the Burned with Treatment Group (BTG), comprising eight rats with third-degree burns that were administered LITUS. LITUS began 24 h after injury and involved daily applications for 8 min at 0.1 W/cm2 for 14 days. RESULTS: The BTG lost less weight than the BG (Q=2.75; p<0.05). No visible differences were apparent among the groups' lesions on day 4. By the end of treatment, wound healing was more evident in the BTG. No statistically significant differences were found between the BG and the BTG in relation to the parameters measured using the histological changes in burn wound healing scoring system. CONCLUSION: The LITUS protocol applied to the animals with third-degree burns accelerated the formation of fibrin-leukocyte crusts and significantly reduced weight loss. However, burn wound healing was not accelerated.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Burns/therapy , Connective Tissue/injuries , Ultrasonic Waves , Wound Healing , Burns/classification , Burns/pathology , Fibrin/metabolism , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Rats, Wistar , Re-Epithelialization , Weight Loss
16.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 67(6): 1669-1674, nov.-dez. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-768148

ABSTRACT

Behavioural studies with cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) in captivity are scarce. Due to the need for appropriate management of these animals, this study was performed to examine the behaviour of cockatiels kept in captivity at two temperatures. Sixteen cockatiels were individually housed in cages (62cm high x 43cm long x 27cm wide) and fed with a commercial ration and seed mixture for psittacids. Water was provided ad libitum. The eight-day experiment was divided into two stages of four days each. In the first stage, the birds were kept at room temperature (25°C) with 70% relative humidity during 24 hours. In the next stage, they were kept at 35°C from 06:00 to 18:00h and 25°C from 18:00 to 06:00h, also at 70% relative humidity. The behaviour of the birds was assessed by the analysis of video recordings taken from 6:00 to 18:00h. Lateral displacement on the perch, walking on the wire net, resting on the abdomen, stopping on the wire net, standing on the drinker or feeder, seed intake, cleaning the wings and shaking the plumage were not influenced (P>0.08) by temperature. Undesirable activities such as gnawing the perch or the wire net also showed no influence of temperature (P>0.15). At 35°C, the birds remained on the cage floor less often (P<0.02) and more often on the perch. Flapping or gnawing the feeder increased as did the consumption of ration (P<0.01). Increase in temperature from 25 to 35°C changed the behaviour of the cockatiels, although these behaviours were not characterised as responses to temperature stress.


Estudos comportamentais com calopsitas (Nymphicus hollandicus) em cativeiro são escassos. Devido à necessidade de um manejo adequado desses animais, este estudo foi realizado para avaliar o comportamento de calopsitas mantidas em cativeiro em duas temperaturas. Dezesseis calopsitas foram alojadas individualmente em gaiolas (62cm de altura x 43cm de comprimento x 27cm de largura) e alimentadas com ração comercial e mistura de sementes para psitacídeos. A água foi fornecida ad libitum. O período experimental foi de oito dias, dividido em duas fases de quatro dias cada. Na primeira fase, as aves foram mantidas à temperatura ambiente (25°C), com 70% de umidade relativa, durante o dia e a noite. Na etapa seguinte, elas foram mantidas a 35°C de 6-18h e 25°C de 18-6h, também com 70% de umidade relativa. O comportamento das aves foi avaliado através de filmagem de 6-18h. Os comportamentos, deslocando lateralmente no poleiro, andando na tela da gaiola, repousando sobre o ventre, paradas na tela da gaiola, de pé sobre o bebedouro ou comedouro, ingestão de sementes, limpeza das asas e sacudindo a plumagem, não foram influenciados (P>0,08) pelas duas temperaturas testadas. Atividades indesejáveis, tais como roer o poleiro ou a tela da gaiola também não foram influenciadas (P>0,15). Sob a temperatura de 35°C, as aves permaneceram menos frequentemente no chão da gaiola (P<0,02) e mais frequentemente no poleiro. Nessa temperatura, bater as asas e roer o comedouro aumentaram com o aumento do consumo de ração (P<0,01). Concluiu-se que o aumento da temperatura de 25 para 35°C alterou o comportamento das calopsitas, embora esses comportamentos não pudessem ser caracterizados como respostas ao estresse térmico.


Subject(s)
Animals , Behavior, Animal , Cockatoos , Temperature , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Poultry , Psittaciformes , Heat Stress Disorders/veterinary
18.
Acta cir. bras ; 30(1): 34-45, 01/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-735704

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the protective effects of chilling the bile ducts with cold (5°C) 5% glucose solution (GS) during radiofrequency (RF) administration. METHODS: Twenty male pigs (3 mos. old; 25-30 kg) were subjected to RF delivery with chilling (experimental group, N=10) or without chilling (control group, N=10). Half of the animals in each group were euthanized immediately after the operation, and half were euthanized one week later. The following histological variables in relation to the bile ducts were evaluated by a pathologist (blind examiner): degenerative changes to the epithelium; epithelial necrosis; ulceration, regenerative changes of the epithelium; polymorphonuclear neutrophil infiltration; and thermal effects. RESULTS: The experimental group (88 bile ducts examined) showed reduced thermal damage relative to the control group (86 bile ducts examined) as demonstrated by significant differences in the following histopathological parameters: epithelial detachment of biliary epithelium (84.1% vs. 59.3%; p<0.006); elongation/palisade arrangement of nuclei (65.1% vs. 87.5%; p<0.001); pseudo-goblet cells (32.9% vs. 56.8%; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Infusion of 5% glucose solution (5°C) has a protective effect on bile ducts subjected to heat (95-110°C, 12 min) from radiofrequency thermal ablation device. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Bile Ducts/injuries , Burns/prevention & control , Catheter Ablation/adverse effects , Cryotherapy/methods , Glucose/pharmacology , Liver/surgery , Bile Duct Diseases/prevention & control , Bile Ducts/pathology , Burns/etiology , Catheter Ablation/methods , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Perfusion , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Reproducibility of Results , Swine , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
19.
Rev. saúde pública ; 49: 1-7, 27/02/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-742282

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE To evaluate if temperature and humidity influenced the etiology of bloodstream infections in a hospital from 2005 to 2010. METHODS The study had a case-referent design. Individual cases of bloodstream infections caused by specific groups or pathogens were compared with several references. In the first analysis, average temperature and humidity values for the seven days preceding collection of blood cultures were compared with an overall “seven-days moving average” for the study period. The second analysis included only patients with bloodstream infections. Several logistic regression models were used to compare different pathogens and groups with respect to the immediate weather parameters, adjusting for demographics, time, and unit of admission. RESULTS Higher temperatures and humidity were related to the recovery of bacteria as a whole (versus fungi) and of gram-negative bacilli. In the multivariable models, temperature was positively associated with the recovery of gram-negative bacilli (OR = 1.14; 95%CI 1.10;1.19) or Acinetobacter baumannii (OR = 1.26; 95%CI 1.16;1.37), even after adjustment for demographic and admission data. An inverse association was identified for humidity. CONCLUSIONS The study documented the impact of temperature and humidity on the incidence and etiology of bloodstream infections. The results correspond with those from ecological studies, indicating a higher incidence of gram-negative bacilli during warm seasons. These findings should guide policies directed at preventing and controlling healthcare-associated infections. .


OBJETIVO Avaliar se temperatura e umidade influenciam a etiologia das infecções na corrente sanguínea em hospital, no período de 2005 a 2010. MÉTODOS O estudo teve delineamento caso-referência. Casos individuais de infecções de corrente sanguínea por patógenos ou grupos de interesse foram comparados com diferentes referências. Na primeira etapa, valores médios de temperatura e umidade, para os sete dias que precederam a coleta de culturas de sangue, foram comparados com a “média-móvel de ordem 7” para todos os dias do período do estudo. A segunda etapa incluiu somente os casos com culturas positivas. Foram realizadas análises por regressão logística para avaliar a influência dos parâmetros meteorológicos imediatos sobre a etiologia dessas infecções, ajustando os resultados para dados demográficos, tempo e unidade de internação. RESULTADOS Temperatura e umidade mais elevadas foram associadas às infecções de corrente sanguínea causadas por bactérias como um todo (versus fungos) e por bacilos Gram-negativos. Nos modelos multivariados, a temperatura foi positivamente associada com o isolamento nas culturas de bacilos Gram-negativos (OR = 1,14; IC95% 1,10;1,19) ou A. baumannii (OR = 1,26; IC95% 1,16;1,37), mesmo após ajuste para dados demográficos e de internação. Associação inversa foi identificada por umidade. CONCLUSÕES O estudo documentou o impacto de temperatura e umidade sobre incidência e etiologia de infecções da corrente sanguínea. Os resultados são coerentes com os relatados em estudos ecológicos, apontando para maior incidência de bacilos Gram-negativos durante as estações quentes. Esses achados devem orientar as estratégias direcionadas à prevenção e controle de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Bacteremia/microbiology , Cross Infection/microbiology , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Humidity/adverse effects , Brazil/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Weather
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